The Department of Geology at the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez (UPRM) is the largest research and teaching earth science department in the Caribbean region. A small but active faculty of 11 are investigating a broad range of subjects that include northern Caribbean region earthquakes, coral reef health in southwestern Puerto Rico, space-based observations of coastal environments, and field-based research on western Puerto Rico geology. The department occupies the northern third of the Physics building, which also hosts the Marine Sciences and Physics departments. Modern research facilities are available for the analysis of remote sensing data and the determination of elemental and stable isotopic composition of a wide range of geologic and environmental materials. Field geophysical equipment is available for research and teaching.

The UPRM Geology department has graduated more Hispanic geoscientists than any other academic unit in the U.S. university system. The department currently offers programs of study leading to bachelor's and master's of science degrees in geology. The B.S. degree program is focused on providing rigorous classical training in geology, with opportunities for senior research projects in a wide range of specializations. The M.S. degree program is designed to provide flexibility for traditional and non-traditional students who wish to pursue theses across the spectrum of earth and environmental sciences. Current undergraduate enrollment is approximately 130, while graduate enrollment is 15.

The department hosts the Puerto Rico Seismic Network (Red Sísmica), which operates and maintains the most extensive array of seismological instrumentation in the northern Caribbean from a separate building adjacent to the department. The popular Geology Museum and departmental collections are currently being updated in new facilities within a two-minute walk from the Physics building.

The University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez, founded in 1911, is an autonomous campus of the University of Puerto Rico. UPRM offers a wide variety of degree programs in its four colleges: College of Arts and Sciences, College of Agricultural Sciences, College of Business Administration, and College of Engineering. Total undergraduate and graduate enrollments are approximately 12,800 and 1,100 respectively.